--- * Britain's game plans in World War 1 The Great War was the most deadly war the world had ever seen, with unprecedented levels of civilian casualties, and claiming the lives of a whole generation of Europe's young men. In Matrix reality the conflict was promoted at the time as The War to End All Wars, and recorded afterwards as an unfortunate accident caused by unwise treaty entanglements. In actual reality the conflagration was planned and arranged by The City, and is more accurately remembered as "The War to Preserve London's Banking Interests." What are a few million anonymous lives lost and a devastated continent, compared to so lofty an objective? The British state dedicated itself fully to The City's agenda, and all the traditional British imperialist virtues came into play as the war game unfolded. The British skill in propaganda enabled them not only to solidify British popular support for the war, but also to seduce the young men of Ireland, Australia, Canada, and elsewhere in the "Commonwealth" into joining the military - donating their lives as willing cannon fodder to the Noble Cause. Britain's skill in alliance- building began to show itself with the initial entangling treaties and the financing arrangement with the House of Morgan, and continued to shine during the war as Britain recruited fighting allies and found sources for needed war materiel, food, etc. As always, the overall British perspective was based in the Balance of Powers doctrine. As an island power, Britain could never compete on an equal basis militarily with the major continental powers. One key to her long-term geopolitical success was her ability through the centuries to play continental players off against one another. Although Britain certainly donated her own fair share of young corpses to the Great War pyre, at the same time she had adroitly arranged for most of the fighting in Europe to be between the Germans, the Russians, and the French - none of whom wanted a war nor had much hope of gaining anything from it. Due to its success in this balancing act, Britain was able to send a million of its troops off to the Middle East - while its allies were pinned down fighting Germans - and pursue The City's objectives regarding long-term control of oil sources. British skills in alliance-building, acting, and betrayal were brought together dramatically in the person of TE Lawrence "of Arabia," who played the part of an Arab Freedom Fighter and managed to get the Arabs to fight many of Britain's battles in the struggle for oil dominance. Lawrence's acting achievements in that theater make the Academy Awards pale by comparison. After the war the promises of Arab independence were betrayed, the hard fist of British imperialism came down on its wartime Arab allies, and Winston Churchill went down in history as the first government leader to order the gassing of the Kurds. In similar fashion Argentina, which had provided all-important beef to wartime Britain at good terms in return for British promises of postwar benefits, found after the war that those promises were worth less than the paper they were printed on. --- * The bankers take control: the birth of the Council on Foreign Relations I think the best way to present this material is to simply quote from Engdahl. Here are some key excerpts, selected from Chapter 5, and re-ordered into chronological sequence... Had Woodrow Wilson not been persuaded to sign the Federal Reserve Act into law on December 23, 1913, it is questionable whether the United States would ever have committed the resources it did to a war in Europe. Without this new law, it is also doubtful whether Britain would have launched her bold designs... The house of Morgan and the powerful international financial interest of The City of London played the critical role in shaping a U.S. Federal Reserve System in the months just before outbreak of the European war. Morgan...as sole purchasing agent for the entire Entente group, became virtual arbiter over the future of the U.S. industrial and agricultural export economy... Firms such as DuPont Chemicals grew into multinational giants as a result of the privileged ties to Morgan. ....As purchasing agent alone, Morgan took a 2 per cent commission on the net price of all goods shipped. At the time of the Versailles peace conference in 1919, Britain owed the United States the staggering sum of $4.7 billion in war debts, while its own domestic economy was in a deep postwar depression, its industry in shambles... Morgan & Co. had quitely shifted their private British government loans over to the general debt of the U.S. Treasury as soon as the United States officially entered the war, in effect making the British debts the burden of the American taxpayers after the war. . . . As the U.S. war debt grew beyond anything known before in her history, the distinction between Morgan's interest and that of the government became blurred. The U.S. government increasingly made itself simply a useful instrument for the extension of the new power of New York's international bankers. The scale of the combined war debt burden of Europe was so large that is annual debt service demands on the world financial system were greater than the entire annual foreign trade of the United States during the 1920s. New York's international banking community redirected world capital flows to the service of this staggering debt burden...at the expense of the desperately needed investment in rebuilding...the war-torn economies of Europe. During the course of the Versailles talks, a new institution of Anglo-American coordination in strategic affairs was formed. Lionel Curtis, a longtime member of the secretive Round Table or 'new empire' circle of Balfour, Milner and others, proposed organizing a Royal Institute of International Affairs. ...The same circle at Versailles also decided to establish an American branch of the London Institute, to be named the New York Council on Foreign Relations, so as to obscure its close British ties. Permit me to summarize our story so far. . . In order to protect their position in global finance, leading bankers in The City decided that they would need to start a war with Germany. Anticipating Britain's need for financial support, the City worked with Morgan and others in Wall Street to establish the Federal Reserve System, so that the U.S. would be in a position to provide that financing. With that accomplished, with Morgan ready to arrange the financing, with their secret entangling treaties in place, and with the cooperation of their fraternal brethren in British Intelligence and Government, the conspirators in The City were ready for their war. Perhaps they arranged Archduke Ferdinand's assassination, or perhaps that was fortuitous, but in any case it was The City that had created the powder keg, and the assassination occurred right on cue, just when The City had all its ducks in a row. Morgan had seen his opportunity, not only to enrich his own banking house, but at the same time to advance the power of the Wall Street international banking community generally. He joined forces with The City, becoming a co-conspirator in the war project, and helped establish the Federal Reserve System. He then carried out his part of the bargain brilliantly, orchestrating the biggest private financing deal the world had ever seen. The British fraternity performed equally well, balancing the European powers against one another, and holding the Germans to a near draw. As the war debts grew to astronomical proportions, Morgan knew that Washington would have no choice but to bail him out and enter the war, if that became necessary for victory. The Anglo-American banker's partnership proved itself to be very effective. They arranged the biggest war in history, carried it to a successful conclusion, and emerged in a position to to effectively manage the postwar circumstances of America, Britain, and much of Europe. The ongoing partnership was formalized by the creation of two linked elite institutions, the Royal Institute and the New York Council on Foreign Relations, later to be called simply the Council on Foreign Relations. Britain had sometime earlier come under the control of an elite fraternity, consisting of elements from the oil industry, The City, and British Intelligence - with The City being the prime mover in that fraternity. He who holds the purse strings rules, and nothing happens in government or business without financing. As a consequence of the debts owed to Morgan and his backers, and with Morgan in control of the repayment regime, Wall Street was now in a position to establish a similar elite ruling fraternity in America, with Wall Street as the prime mover. The Council on Foreign Relations, controlled ever since by Wall Street banking interests, became and remains the primary vehicle by which American elites generally are brought into consensus on national policy. The oil industry was brought into the British fraternity not because of the industry's wealth and power, which was not so formidable at the beginning, but because control over oil resources can be leveraged into control over global finance. (In some sense it is really oil that is the hard exchange currency in the world today.) For these same reasons American policy, under the leadership of the CFR, came to be based on the synergy between control over oil and control over finance, with government, Intelligence agencies, and the military playing a supporting role to the banks and the oil cartels. Yes Virginia, the world is controlled by an elite conspiracy, and at the top of the power pyramid are the top Wall Street international bankers, and their junior partners in The City. Armed with this knowledge, we can much more easily understand the agenda for the New American Century, the reasons for the invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan, and why Britain always aligns itself with American strategic policy. --- I have, however, jumped way ahead in our story, skipping from the days of Versailles to current time. I think it was important to show how the arrangements made at that time have set the pattern for what has followed, but we must go back and fill in the intervening years. I'll be doing this in the next installment, and we'll be moving at a much faster pace - just covering the dramatic highlights. I hope many of you will buy Engdahl's book ("A Century of War: Anglo-American Oil Politics and The New World Order") in order to get the full, extremely interesting story. For now, I'll set the stage for the next installment by citing two more excerpts from Engdahl: If Britain emerged as the territorial victor of Versailles, the United States, or at least certain powerful international banking and industrial interests, emerged in the early 1920s with the clear idea that they, and no longer Britain, were now the most powerful world economic power. For the next several years, a bitter power struggle took place between British and American international interests to settle this question. It took the entirety of the 1920s, in often bitter, almost military conflicts over war-debt repayment terms, rubber agreements, naval accords, the parity of a new gold standard and most significantly control of untapped oil regions of the word, before the Anglo-Amercan condominium emerged in its present form, and before the policy harmony between the circles of Morgan's Council on Foreign Relations and London' Royal Institute could take hold. -- ============================================================ If you find this material useful, you might want to check out our website (http://cyberjournal.org) or try out our low-traffic, moderated email list by sending a message to: •••@••.••• You are encouraged to forward any material from the lists or the website, provided it is for non-commercial use and you include the source and this disclaimer. Richard Moore (rkm) Wexford, Ireland blog: http://harmonization.blogspot.com/ "Escaping The Matrix - Global Transformation: WHY WE NEED IT, AND HOW WE CAN ACHIEVE IT ", old draft: http://www.ratical.org/co-globalize/rkmGlblTrans.html _____________________________ "...the Patriot Act followed 9-11 as smoothly as the suspension of the Weimar constitution followed the Reichstag fire." - Srdja Trifkovic There is not a problem with the system. The system is the problem. Faith in ourselves - not gods, ideologies, leaders, or programs. _____________________________ cj list archives: http://cyberjournal.org/cj/show_archives/?lists=cj newslog list archives: http://cyberjournal.org/cj/show_archives/?lists=newslog _____________________________ Informative links: http://www.indymedia.org/ http://www.globalresearch.ca/ http://www.greenleft.org.au/index.htm http://www.MiddleEast.org http://www.rachel.org http://www.truthout.org http://www.williambowles.info/monthly_index/ http://www.zmag.org http://www.co-intelligence.org ============================================================